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authorAlbrecht Schlosser <albrechts.fltk@online.de>2008-09-13 15:55:32 +0000
committerAlbrecht Schlosser <albrechts.fltk@online.de>2008-09-13 15:55:32 +0000
commit8416a4012ecb985d150fad566659cf59ee1dc3aa (patch)
treea0b52461eeeaf926de99392145c087e96f6c36e1 /documentation/forms.dox
parent054d25081a74d504eb38042ffbd9acf70be4de1d (diff)
Doxygen documentation - WP12 and WP13 - first step.
Converted the descriptive chapters of the html docs to doxygen format and modified index.dox accordingly. This checkin includes only trivial reformatting, no major rewriting. Added a chapter "Migrating Code from FLTK 1.1 to 1.3". All links on the main page are working now. Todo: - Check doxygen error messages, rewrite pages (html tags, contents). - Fill the new "Migrating..." chapter. git-svn-id: file:///fltk/svn/fltk/branches/branch-1.3@6224 ea41ed52-d2ee-0310-a9c1-e6b18d33e121
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+/**
+
+ \page forms E - Forms Compatibility
+
+<P>This appendix describes the Forms compatibility included with FLTK.
+<H2>Importing Forms Layout Files</H2>
+<A href=fluid.html#FLUID>FLUID</A> can read the .fd files put out by
+all versions of Forms and XForms fdesign. However, it will mangle them
+a bit, but it prints a warning message about anything it does not
+understand. FLUID cannot write fdesign files, so you should save to a
+new name so you don't write over the old one.
+<P>You will need to edit your main code considerably to get it to link
+with the output from FLUID. If you are not interested in this you may
+have more immediate luck with the forms compatibility header, <TT>
+&lt;FL/forms.H&gt;</TT>. </P>
+<H2>Using the Compatibility Header File</H2>
+ You should be able to compile existing Forms or XForms source code by
+changing the include directory switch to your compiler so that the <TT>
+forms.h</TT> file supplied with FLTK is included. Take a look at <TT>
+forms.h</TT> to see how it works, but the basic trick is lots of inline
+functions. Most of the XForms demo programs work without changes.
+<P>You will also have to compile your Forms or XForms program using a
+C++ compiler. The FLTK library does not provide C bindings or header
+files. </P>
+<P>Although FLTK was designed to be compatible with the GL Forms
+library (version 0.3 or so), XForms has bloated severely and it's
+interface is X-specific. Therefore, XForms compatibility is no longer
+a goal of FLTK. Compatibility was limited to things that were free, or
+that would add code that would not be linked in if the feature is
+unused, or that was not X-specific. </P>
+<P>To use any new features of FLTK, you should rewrite your code to not
+use the inline functions and instead use &quot;pure&quot; FLTK. This will make
+it a lot cleaner and make it easier to figure out how to call the FLTK
+functions. Unfortunately this conversion is harder than expected and
+even Digital Domain's inhouse code still uses <TT>forms.H</TT> a lot. </P>
+<H2>Problems You Will Encounter</H2>
+<P>Many parts of XForms use X-specific structures like <TT>XEvent</TT>
+ in their interface. I did not emulate these! Unfortunately these
+features (such as the &quot;canvas&quot; widget) are needed by most large
+programs. You will need to rewrite these to use FLTK subclasses. </P>
+<P><A href=Fl_Free.html#Fl_Free><TT>Fl_Free</TT></A> widgets emulate
+the <I>old</I> Forms &quot;free&quot; widget. It may be useful for porting
+programs that change the <TT>handle()</TT> function on widgets, but you
+will still need to rewrite things. </P>
+<P><A href=Fl_Timer.html#Fl_Timer><TT>Fl_Timer</TT></A> widgets are
+provided to emulate the XForms timer. These work, but are quite
+inefficient and inaccurate compared to using <A href="Fl.html#Fl.add_timeout">
+<TT>Fl::add_timeout()</TT></A>. </P>
+<P><I>All instance variables are hidden.</I> If you directly refer to
+the x, y, w, h, label, or other fields of your Forms widgets you will
+have to add empty parenthesis after each reference. The easiest way to
+do this is to globally replace &quot;-&gt;x&quot; with &quot;-&gt;x()&quot;, etc. Replace
+&quot;boxtype&quot; with &quot;box()&quot;. </P>
+<P><TT>const char *</TT> arguments to most FLTK methods are simply
+stored, while Forms would <TT>strdup()</TT> the passed string. This is
+most noticable with the label of widgets. Your program must always
+pass static data such as a string constant or malloc'd buffer to <TT>
+label()</TT>. If you are using labels to display program output you
+may want to try the <A href=Fl_Output.html#Fl_Output><TT>Fl_Output</TT></A>
+ widget. </P>
+<P>The default fonts and sizes are matched to the older GL version of
+Forms, so all labels will draw somewhat larger than an XForms program
+does. </P>
+<P>fdesign outputs a setting of a &quot;fdui&quot; instance variable to the main
+window. I did not emulate this because I wanted all instance variables
+to be hidden. You can store the same information in the <TT>user_data()</TT>
+ field of a window. To do this, search through the fdesign output for
+all occurances of &quot;-&gt;fdui&quot; and edit to use &quot;-&gt;user_data()&quot; instead.
+ This will require casts and is not trivial. </P>
+<P>The prototype for the functions passed to <TT>fl_add_timeout()</TT>
+ and <TT>fl_set_idle_callback()</TT> callback are different. </P>
+<P><B>All the following XForms calls are missing:</B></P>
+<UL>
+<LI><TT>FL_REVISION</TT>, <TT>fl_library_version()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>FL_RETURN_DBLCLICK</TT> (use <TT>Fl::event_clicks()</TT>) </LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_add_signal_callback()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_set_form_atactivate()</TT> <TT>fl_set_form_atdeactivate()</TT>
+</LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_set_form_property()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_set_app_mainform()</TT>, <TT>fl_get_app_mainform()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_set_form_minsize()</TT>, <TT>fl_set_form_maxsize()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_set_form_event_cmask()</TT>, <TT>fl_get_form_event_cmask()</TT>
+</LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_set_form_dblbuffer()</TT>, <TT>fl_set_object_dblbuffer()</TT>
+ (use an <TT>Fl_Double_Window</TT> instead) </LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_adjust_form_size()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_register_raw_callback()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_set_object_bw()</TT>, <TT>fl_set_border_width()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_set_object_resize()</TT>, <TT>fl_set_object_gravity()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_set_object_shortcutkey()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_set_object_automatic()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_get_object_bbox()</TT> (maybe FLTK should do this) </LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_set_object_prehandler()</TT>, <TT>fl_set_object_posthandler()</TT>
+</LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_enumerate_fonts()</TT></LI>
+<LI>Most drawing functions </LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_set_coordunit()</TT> (FLTK uses pixels all the time) </LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_ringbell()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_gettime()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_win*()</TT> (all these functions) </LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_initialize(argc,argv,x,y,z)</TT> ignores last 3 arguments </LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_read_bitmapfile()</TT>, <TT>fl_read_pixmapfile()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_addto_browser_chars()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>FL_MENU_BUTTON</TT> just draws normally </LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_set_bitmapbutton_file()</TT>, <TT>fl_set_pixmapbutton_file()</TT>
+</LI>
+<LI><TT>FL_CANVAS</TT> objects </LI>
+<LI><TT>FL_DIGITAL_CLOCK</TT> (comes out analog) </LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_create_bitmap_cursor()</TT>, <TT>fl_set_cursor_color()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_set_dial_angles()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_show_oneliner()</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_set_choice_shortcut(a,b,c) </TT></LI>
+<LI>command log </LI>
+<LI>Only some of file selector is emulated </LI>
+<LI><TT>FL_DATE_INPUT</TT></LI>
+<LI><TT>fl_pup*()</TT> (all these functions) </LI>
+<LI>textbox object (should be easy but I had no sample programs) </LI>
+<LI>xyplot object </LI>
+</UL>
+<H2>Additional Notes</H2>
+ These notes were written for porting programs written with the older
+IRISGL version of Forms. Most of these problems are the same ones
+encountered when going from old Forms to XForms:
+<H3>Does Not Run In Background</H3>
+ The IRISGL library always forked when you created the first window,
+unless &quot;foreground()&quot; was called. FLTK acts like &quot;foreground()&quot; is
+called all the time. If you really want the fork behavior do &quot;if
+(fork()) exit(0)&quot; right at the start of your program.
+<H3>You Cannot Use IRISGL Windows or fl_queue</H3>
+ If a Forms (not XForms) program if you wanted your own window for
+displaying things you would create a IRISGL window and draw in it,
+periodically calling Forms to check if the user hit buttons on the
+panels. If the user did things to the IRISGL window, you would find
+this out by having the value FL_EVENT returned from the call to Forms.
+<P>None of this works with FLTK. Nor will it compile, the necessary
+calls are not in the interface. </P>
+<P>You have to make a subclass of <A href=Fl_Gl_Window.html#Fl_Gl_Window>
+<TT>Fl_Gl_Window</TT></A> and write a <TT>draw()</TT> method and <TT>
+handle()</TT> method. This may require anywhere from a trivial to a
+major rewrite. </P>
+<P>If you draw into the overlay planes you will have to also write a <TT>
+draw_overlay()</TT> method and call <TT>redraw_overlay()</TT> on the
+OpenGL window. </P>
+<P>One easy way to hack your program so it works is to make the <TT>
+draw()</TT> and <TT>handle()</TT> methods on your window set some
+static variables, storing what event happened. Then in the main loop
+of your program, call <TT>Fl::wait()</TT> and then check these
+variables, acting on them as though they are events read from <TT>
+fl_queue</TT>. </P>
+<H3>You Must Use OpenGL to Draw Everything</H3>
+<P>The file <TT>&lt;FL/gl.h&gt;</TT> defines replacements for a lot of IRISGL
+calls, translating them to OpenGL. There are much better translators
+available that you might want to investigate. </P>
+<H3>You Cannot Make Forms Subclasses</H3>
+ Programs that call <TT>fl_make_object</TT> or directly setting the
+handle routine will not compile. You have to rewrite them to use a
+subclass of <TT>Fl_Widget</TT>. It is important to note that the <TT>
+handle()</TT> method is not exactly the same as the <TT>handle()</TT>
+ function of Forms. Where a Forms <TT>handle()</TT> returned non-zero,
+your <TT>handle()</TT> must call <TT>do_callback()</TT>. And your <TT>
+handle()</TT> must return non-zero if it &quot;understood&quot; the event.
+<P>An attempt has been made to emulate the &quot;free&quot; widget. This appears
+to work quite well. It may be quicker to modify your subclass into a
+&quot;free&quot; widget, since the &quot;handle&quot; functions match. </P>
+<P>If your subclass draws into the overlay you are in trouble and will
+have to rewrite things a lot. </P>
+<H3>You Cannot Use &lt;device.h&gt;</H3>
+ If you have written your own &quot;free&quot; widgets you will probably get a
+lot of errors about &quot;getvaluator&quot;. You should substitute:
+<CENTER><TABLE border=1 WIDTH=90% summary="Mapping of Forms valuators to FLTK.">
+<TR><TH align=center>Forms</TH><TH align=center>FLTK</TH></TR>
+<TR><TD>MOUSE_X</TD><TD>Fl::event_x_root()</TD></TR>
+<TR><TD>MOUSE_Y</TD><TD>Fl::event_y_root()</TD></TR>
+<TR><TD>LEFTSHIFTKEY,RIGHTSHIFTKEY</TD><TD>Fl::event_shift()</TD></TR>
+<TR><TD>CAPSLOCKKEY</TD><TD>Fl::event_capslock()</TD></TR>
+<TR><TD>LEFTCTRLKEY,RIGHTCTRLKEY</TD><TD>Fl::event_ctrl()</TD></TR>
+<TR><TD>LEFTALTKEY,RIGHTALTKEY</TD><TD>Fl::event_alt()</TD></TR>
+<TR><TD>MOUSE1,RIGHTMOUSE</TD><TD>Fl::event_state()</TD></TR>
+<TR><TD>MOUSE2,MIDDLEMOUSE</TD><TD>Fl::event_state()</TD></TR>
+<TR><TD>MOUSE3,LEFTMOUSE</TD><TD>Fl::event_state()</TD></TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER>
+ Anything else in <TT>getvaluator</TT> and you are on your own...
+<H3>Font Numbers Are Different</H3>
+ The &quot;style&quot; numbers have been changed because I wanted to insert
+bold-italic versions of the normal fonts. If you use Times, Courier,
+or Bookman to display any text you will get a different font out of
+FLTK. If you are really desperate to fix this use the following code:
+<UL>
+<PRE>
+fl_font_name(3,&quot;*courier-medium-r-no*&quot;);
+fl_font_name(4,&quot;*courier-bold-r-no*&quot;);
+fl_font_name(5,&quot;*courier-medium-o-no*&quot;);
+fl_font_name(6,&quot;*times-medium-r-no*&quot;);
+fl_font_name(7,&quot;*times-bold-r-no*&quot;);
+fl_font_name(8,&quot;*times-medium-i-no*&quot;);
+fl_font_name(9,&quot;*bookman-light-r-no*&quot;);
+fl_font_name(10,&quot;*bookman-demi-r-no*&quot;);
+fl_font_name(11,&quot;*bookman-light-i-no*&quot;);
+</PRE>
+
+*/