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authorFabien Costantini <fabien@onepost.net>2008-10-17 11:22:35 +0000
committerFabien Costantini <fabien@onepost.net>2008-10-17 11:22:35 +0000
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treefe4abf458740c57202eff0656b6c0427d21aa401 /documentation/src/events.dox
parent4b5a6d1b23796aaf2eefc4cb43bd9ce397c59a89 (diff)
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-/**
-
- \page events 6 - Handling Events
-
-This chapter discusses the FLTK event model and how to handle
-events in your program or widget.
-
-\section events_model The FLTK Event Model
-
-Every time a user moves the mouse pointer, clicks a button,
-or presses a key, an event is generated and sent to your
-application. Events can also come from other programs like the
-window manager.
-
-Events are identified by the integer argument passed to the
-<A href="subclassing.html#handle"><tt>Fl_Widget::handle()</tt></A>
-virtual
-method. Other information about the most recent event is stored in
-static locations and acquired by calling the \ref events_event_xxx
-methods. This static information remains valid until the next event
-is read from the window system, so it is ok to look at it outside
-of the <tt>handle()</tt> method.
-
-\section events_mouse Mouse Events
-
-\subsection events_fl_push FL_PUSH
-
-A mouse button has gone down with the mouse pointing at this
-widget. You can find out what button by calling
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.event_button"><tt>Fl::event_button()</tt></A>.
-You find out the mouse position by calling
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.event_x"><tt>Fl::event_x()</tt></A>
-and
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.event_y"> <tt>Fl::event_y()</tt></A>.
-
-A widget indicates that it &quot;wants&quot; the mouse click
-by returning non-zero from its
-<A href="subclassing.html#handle"><tt>handle()</tt></A>
-method. It will then become the
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.pushed"><tt>Fl::pushed()</tt></A>
-widget and will get <tt>FL_DRAG</tt> and
-the matching <tt>FL_RELEASE</tt> events. If <tt>handle()</tt>
-returns zero then FLTK will try sending the <tt>FL_PUSH</tt> to
-another widget.
-
-\subsection events_fl_drag FL_DRAG
-
-The mouse has moved with a button held down. The current
-button state is in
-<a href="Fl.html#Fl.event_state"><tt>Fl::event_state()</tt></a>.
-The mouse position is in
-<a href="Fl.html#Fl.event_x"><tt>Fl::event_x()</tt></a>
-and
-<a href="Fl.html#Fl.event_y"><tt>Fl::event_y()</tt></a>.
-
-In order to receive <tt>FL_DRAG</tt> events, the widget must
-return non-zero when handling <tt>FL_PUSH</tt>.
-
-\subsection events_fl_release FL_RELEASE
-
-A mouse button has been released. You can find out what button by calling
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.event_button"><tt>Fl::event_button()</tt></A>.
-
-In order to receive the <tt>FL_RELEASE</tt> event, the widget must
-return non-zero when handling <tt>FL_PUSH</tt>.
-
-\subsection events_fl_move FL_MOVE
-
-The mouse has moved without any mouse buttons held down.
-This event is sent to the
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.belowmouse"><tt>Fl::belowmouse()</tt></A>
-widget.
-
-In order to receive <tt>FL_MOVE</tt> events, the widget must
-return non-zero when handling <tt>FL_ENTER</tt>.
-
-\subsection events_fl_mousewheel FL_MOUSEWHEEL
-
-The user has moved the mouse wheel. The
-<A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_dx"><tt>Fl::event_dx()</tt></A>
-and
-<A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_dy"><tt>Fl::event_dy()</tt></A>
-methods can be used to find the amount to scroll horizontally and
-vertically.
-
-\section events_focus Focus Events
-
-\subsection events_fl_enter FL_ENTER
-
-The mouse has been moved to point at this widget. This can
-be used for highlighting feedback. If a widget wants to
-highlight or otherwise track the mouse, it indicates this by
-returning non-zero from its
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.handle"><tt>handle()</tt></A>
-method. It then becomes the
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.belowmouse"><tt>Fl::belowmouse()</tt></A>
-widget and will receive <tt>FL_MOVE</tt> and <tt>FL_LEAVE</tt>
-events.
-
-\subsection events_fl_leave FL_LEAVE
-
-The mouse has moved out of the widget.
-
-In order to receive the <tt>FL_LEAVE</tt> event, the widget must
-return non-zero when handling <tt>FL_ENTER</tt>.
-
-\subsection events_fl_focus FL_FOCUS
-
-This indicates an <I>attempt</I> to give a widget the
-keyboard focus.
-
-If a widget wants the focus, it should change itself to
-display the fact that it has the focus, and return non-zero from its
-<A href="Fl_Widget.html#Fl_Widget.handle"><tt>handle()</tt></A>
-method. It then becomes the
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.focus"><tt>Fl::focus()</tt></A>
-widget and gets
-<tt>FL_KEYDOWN</tt>, <tt>FL_KEYUP</tt>, and <tt>FL_UNFOCUS</tt>
-events.
-
-The focus will change either because the window manager
-changed which window gets the focus, or because the user tried
-to navigate using tab, arrows, or other keys. You can check
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.event_key"><tt>Fl::event_key()</tt></A>
-to figure out why it moved. For navigation it will be the key
-pressed and interaction with the window manager it will be zero.
-
-\subsection events_fl_unfocus FL_UNFOCUS
-
-This event is sent to the previous
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.focus"><tt>Fl::focus()</tt></A>
-widget when another widget gets the focus or the window loses focus.
-
-\section events_keyboard Keyboard Events
-
-\subsection events_fl_keydown FL_KEYDOWN, FL_KEYUP
-
-A key was pressed or released. The key can be found in
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.event_key"><tt>Fl::event_key()</tt></A>.
-The text that the key should insert can be found with
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.event_text"><tt>Fl::event_text()</tt></A>
-and its length is in
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.event_length"><tt>Fl::event_length()</tt></A>.
-If you use the key <tt>handle()</tt> should return 1. If you
-return zero then FLTK assumes you ignored the key and will
-then attempt to send it to a parent widget. If none of them want
-it, it will change the event into a <tt>FL_SHORTCUT</tt> event.
-
-To receive <CODE>FL_KEYBOARD</CODE> events you must also
-respond to the <CODE>FL_FOCUS</CODE> and <CODE>FL_UNFOCUS</CODE>
-events.
-
-If you are writing a text-editing widget you may also want to
-call the
-<a href="Fl.html#Fl.compose"><tt>Fl::compose()</tt></a>
-function to translate individual keystrokes into foreign characters.
-
-<code>FL_KEYUP</code> events are sent to the widget that
-currently has focus. This is not necessarily the same widget
-that received the corresponding <code>FL_KEYDOWN</code> event
-because focus may have changed between events.
-
-\subsection events_fl_shortcut FL_SHORTCUT
-
-If the
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.focus"><tt>Fl::focus()</tt></A>
-widget is zero or ignores an <tt>FL_KEYBOARD</tt> event then
-FLTK tries sending this event to every widget it can, until one
-of them returns non-zero. <tt>FL_SHORTCUT</tt> is first sent to
-the <tt>Fl::belowmouse()</tt> widget, then its parents and
-siblings, and eventually to every widget in the window, trying
-to find an object that returns non-zero. FLTK tries really hard
-to not to ignore any keystrokes!
-
-You can also make &quot;global&quot; shortcuts by using
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.add_handler"><tt>Fl::add_handler()</tt></A>.
-A global shortcut will work no matter what windows are displayed
-or which one has the focus.
-
-\section events_widget Widget Events
-
-\subsection events_fl_deactivate FL_DEACTIVATE
-
-This widget is no longer active, due to
-<A href="Fl_Widget.html#Fl_Widget.deactivate"><tt>deactivate()</tt></A>
-being called on it or one of its parents. <tt> active()</tt> may
-still be true after this, the widget is only active if
-<tt>active()</tt> is true on it and all its parents (use <tt>active_r()</tt> to check this).
-
-\subsection events_fl_activate FL_ACTIVATE
-
-This widget is now active, due to
-<A href="Fl_Widget.html#Fl_Widget.activate"><tt>activate()</tt></A>
-being called on it or one of its parents.
-
-\subsection events_fl_hide FL_HIDE
-
-This widget is no longer visible, due to
-<A href="Fl_Widget.html#Fl_Widget.hide"><tt>hide()</tt></a>
-being called on it or one of its parents, or due to a parent window
-being minimized. <tt>visible()</tt> may still be true after
-this, but the widget is visible only if <tt>visible()</tt> is
-true for it and all its parents (use <tt>visible_r()</tt> to
-check this).
-
-\subsection events_fl_show FL_SHOW
-
-This widget is visible again, due to
-<a href="Fl_Widget.html#Fl_Widget.show"><tt>show()</tt></A>
-being called on it or one of its parents, or due to a parent window
-being restored. <I>Child <tt>Fl_Window</tt>s respond to this by
-actually creating the window if not done already, so if you
-subclass a window, be sure to pass <tt>FL_SHOW</tt> to the base
-class <tt>handle()</tt> method!</I>
-
-\section events_clipboard Clipboard Events
-
-\subsection events_fl_paste FL_PASTE
-
-You should get this event some time after you call
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.paste"><tt>Fl::paste()</tt></A>.
-The contents of
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.event_text"><tt>Fl::event_text()</tt></A>
-is the text to insert and the number of characters is in
-<A href="Fl.html#Fl.event_length"><tt>Fl::event_length()</tt></A>.
-
-\subsection events_fl_selectionclear FL_SELECTIONCLEAR
-
-The <A href="Fl.html#Fl.selection_owner"><tt>Fl::selection_owner()</tt></A>
-will get this event before the selection is moved to another
-widget. This indicates that some other widget or program has
-claimed the selection. Motif programs used this to clear the
-selection indication. Most modern programs ignore this.
-
-<A NAME="dnd"></A> <!-- For old HTML links only ! -->
-\section events_dnd Drag and Drop Events
-
-FLTK supports drag and drop of text and files from any
-application on the desktop. Text is transfered using
-the current code page. Files are received as a list of full path
-and file names, seperated by newline. On some platforms, path
-names are prepended with <tt>file://</tt>.
-
-The drag and drop data is available in <tt>Fl::event_text()</tt>
-at the concluding <tt>FL_PASTE</tt>. On some platforms, the
-event text is also available for the <tt>FL_DND_*</tt> events,
-however application must not depend on that behavior because it
-depends on the protocol used on each platform.
-
-<tt>FL_DND_*</tt> events cannot be used in widgets derived
-from <tt>Fl_Group</tt> or <tt>Fl_Window</tt>.
-
-\subsection events_fl_dnd_enter FL_DND_ENTER
-
-The mouse has been moved to point at this widget. A widget
-that is interested in receiving drag'n'drop data must return 1
-to receive FL_DND_DRAG, FL_DND_LEAVE and FL_DND_RELEASE events.
-
-\subsection events_fl_dnd_drag FL_DND_DRAG
-
-The mouse has been moved inside a widget while dragging data.
-A widget that is interested in receiving drag'n'drop data should
-indicate the possible drop position.
-
-\subsection events_fl_dnd_leave FL_DND_LEAVE
-
-The mouse has moved out of the widget.
-
-\subsection events_fl_dnd_release FL_DND_RELEASE
-
-The user has released the mouse button dropping data into
-the widget. If the widget returns 1, it will receive the data in
-the immediatly following FL_PASTE event.
-
-<!-- NEED 6in -->
-
-<A NAME="event_xxx"></A> <!-- For old HTML links only ! -->
-\section events_event_xxx Fl::event_*() methods
-
-FLTK keeps the information about the most recent event in
-static storage. This information is good until the next event is
-processed. Thus it is valid inside <tt>handle()</tt> and
-<tt>callback()</tt> methods.
-
-These are all trivial inline functions and thus very fast and small:
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_button"><tt>Fl::event_button</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_clicks"><tt>Fl::event_clicks</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_dx"><tt>Fl::event_dx</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_dy"><tt>Fl::event_dy</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_inside"><tt>Fl::event_inside</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_is_click"><tt>Fl::event_is_click</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_key"><tt>Fl::event_key</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_length"><tt>Fl::event_length</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_state"><tt>Fl::event_state</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_text"><tt>Fl::event_text</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_x"><tt>Fl::event_x</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_x_root"><tt>Fl::event_x_root</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_y"><tt>Fl::event_y</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.event_y_root"><tt>Fl::event_y_root</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.get_key"><tt>Fl::get_key</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.get_mouse"><tt>Fl::get_mouse</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.test_shortcut"><tt>Fl::test_shortcut</tt></A>
-
-<A NAME="event_xxx"></A> <!-- For old HTML links only ! -->
-\section events_propagation Event Propagation
-
-FLTK follows very simple and unchangeable rules for sending
-events. The major innovation is that widgets can indicate (by
-returning 0 from the <tt>handle()</tt> method) that they are not
-interested in an event, and FLTK can then send that event
-elsewhere. This eliminates the need for &quot;interests&quot;
-(event masks or tables), and this is probably the main reason
-FLTK is much smaller than other toolkits.
-
-Most events are sent directly to the <tt>handle()</tt> method
-of the <tt>Fl_Window</tt> that the window system says they
-belong to. The window (actually the <tt>Fl_Group</tt> that
-<tt>Fl_Window</tt> is a subclass of) is responsible for sending
-the events on to any child widgets. To make the
-<tt>Fl_Group</tt> code somewhat easier, FLTK sends some events
-(<tt>FL_DRAG</tt>, <tt>FL_RELEASE</tt>, <tt>FL_KEYBOARD</tt>,
-<tt>FL_SHORTCUT</tt>, <tt>FL_UNFOCUS</tt>, and
-<tt>FL_LEAVE</tt>) directly to leaf widgets. These procedures
-control those leaf widgets:
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.add_handler"><tt>Fl::add_handler</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.belowmouse"><tt>Fl::belowmouse</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.focus"><tt>Fl::focus</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.grab"><tt>Fl::grab</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.modal"><tt>Fl::modal</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.pushed"><tt>Fl::pushed</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.release"><tt>Fl::release</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl_Widget.html#Fl_Widget.take_focus"><tt>Fl_Widget::take_focus</tt></A>
-
-<A name="compose"></A> <!-- For old HTML links only ! -->
-\section events_compose_characters FLTK Compose-Character Sequences
-
-The foreign-letter compose processing done by the
-<A href="Fl_Input.html#compose"><tt>Fl_Input</tt></a>
-widget is provided in a function that you can call if you are writing
-your own text editor widget.
-
-FLTK uses its own compose processing to allow "preview" of
-the partially composed sequence, which is impossible with the
-usual "dead key" processing.
-
-Although currently only characters in the ISO-8859-1
-character set are handled, you should call this in case any
-enhancements to the processing are done in the future. The
-interface has been designed to handle arbitrary UTF-8 encoded
-text.
-
-The following methods are provided for character composition:
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.compose"><tt>Fl::compose()</tt></A>
-
-\li <A HREF="Fl.html#Fl.compose_reset"><tt>Fl::compose_reset()</tt></A>
-
-\htmlonly
-<hr>
-<a class="el" href="index.html">[Index]</a> &nbsp;&nbsp;
-<a class="el" href="drawing.html">[Previous]&nbsp; 5 - Drawing Things in FLTK</a>&nbsp;
-<a class="el" href="subclassing.html">[Next]&nbsp; 7 - Adding and Extending Widgets</a>&nbsp;
-\endhtmlonly
-*/